This tutorial is a practical guide to ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Relevant anatomy and indications for the block are described in detail. It also contains useful advice on which local anaesthetic to use, relevant doses, potential complications and...

ARDS is a syndrome of hypoxaemic respiratory failure associated with non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema which occurs in 10% of ICU patients. ARDS is often associated with multiple organ dysfunction and carries a high mortality, morbidity and financial cost. It may be...

This article highlights factors that make patients at high risk of perioperative myocardial ischaemia. It also discusses evidence for anaesthetic technique for this high-risk group and the management of intra-operative myocardial ischaemia.

Liberation from mechanical ventilation and the artificial airway support in the intensive care unit is difficult and challenging. Success hinges on the perfect blend of art and science. An algorithmic evidence based approach along with a very strong clinical acumen...

This tutorial will explore the currently published literature on erector spinae plane blocks and discover its versatility in regional anaesthesia.

Failed tracheal intubation is more common in the obstetric population despite widespread adoption of failed intubation drills and equipment advances. This tutorial provides a practical approach to safe obstetric airway management and the actions to take when problems arise including...

Pre-hospital emergency anaesthesia refers to induction of anaesthesia and securing the airway in the pre-hospital environment. It is high risk due to patient factors and the pre-hospital environment. Many factors should be addressed to minimise risks. This tutorial explores some...

The management of the pregnant woman with a history of addiction or substance abuse can be challenging. This tutorial focuses on the pathophysiological effects of drug addiction, providing safe perioperative care and achieving effective analgesia both during labour and post-caesarean...

This tutorial summarizes the current data and controversies surrounding the use of the bispectral index (BIS™, Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA)—one of the more commonly used processed EEG devices—and provides recommendations regarding appropriate use of this technology in general anesthesia to...

Anaemia is a common, modifiable risk factor contributing to post-operative morbidity and mortality. A complex range of aetiologies can often co-exist in an individual patient, leading to confusing and conflicting results. This tutorial discusses screening, diagnosis, and management of pre-operative...